Chapter 9 Environment And Sustainable Development Case Study Questions

Please see Chapter 9 Environment And Sustainable Development Case Study Questions and answers below. We have provided Case Study Questions for Class 11 Economics with answers for all chapters. Students should read the case study for Chapter 9 Environment And Sustainable Development which is an important chapter in Class 11 Economics and then attempt the questions provided below. Our teachers have provided answers too so that students can check their solutions.

Case Study Questions Chapter 9 Environment And Sustainable Development

CASE STUDY-1

In recent years, awareness of the harmful effect of chemical-based fertilizers and pesticides on our health is on rise. Conventional agriculture relies heavily on chemical fertilizers and toxic pesticides etc which enter the food supply and penetrate the water resources, harm the livestock, deplete the soil and devastate natural eco systems. Efforts in evolving technologies which are eco-friendly, are essential for sustainable development and one such technology which is ecofriendly is organic farming. In short, organic agriculture is a whole system of farming which restores, maintains and enhances the ecological balance. There is an increasing demand for organically grown food to enhance food safety throughout the world.

Questions:

Question. In context of sustainable development, which of the following is / are strategies to achieve it?
(a). us of sustained methods of farming
(b). use of bio pest
(c). use of natural manure
(d). all the above   

Question. Green Revolution was a major reason of rise in productivity of farming. What are the advantages of conventional farming methods?
(a). higher output
(b). cost effective
(c). wider range
(d). all of these   

Question. ___________ is more popular non-farm activity after farming.  

Question. ___________ helps in maintaining ecological balance.   

CASE STUDY-2

Sustainable development is one which is directly concerned with increasing the material standards of living of the poor at the grass-root level. This can be quantitatively measured in terms of increased income,real income, educational services,health care, sanitation, water supply etc.In more specific terms, sustainable development aims at decreasing the absolute poverty of the poor by providing lasting and secure livelihoods that minimise resource depletion, environmental degradation,cultural disruption and social instability.

Questions:

Question. The concept of sustainable development is related to: 
(a) Rural development
(b) Growth rate of GDP
(c) Human development
(d) Environment   

Question. _____________ means the ability of the environment to observe degradation. (Absorptive capacity / supplies resources)   

Question. The economic development that we have achieved so far has come at a very heavy price that is environment pollution. (true / false )  

Question. What happens when the rate of resource extraction, exceeds that of their regeneration?  

Answer. The environment fails to perform its third and vital function of life substance and this results in an environmental crisis. This is the situation today all over the world .

CASE STUDY-3

Environment and economy are interdependent and need each other hence development that ignores Its repercussions on the environment will destroy the environment that sustains life forms development that will allow all future generations to have a potential average quality of life that is at least as high is that which is being enjoyed by current generation. In the initial stages of development the demand for environmental resources was less than its supply but now what today is facing with increased demand of environmental resources but their supply is limited due to their over use and misuse. The concept of sustainable development states as development that meets the needs to the present generation without compromising the ability all future generation to meet their own needs.

Questions:

Question. How economic development put greater pressure on environment?

Answer. Demand is increasing day by day over environmental resource is which is creating pressure to the environment.

Question. State one aim of sustainable development

Answer. It will fulfil the need of present generation without compromising the ability of future generation to meet the own needs.

Question. The definition given in Above paragraph was given by___________.   

Question. Define the term carrying capacity.

Answer. The resource extraction is not above the resource regeneration the resources and waste generated are within assimilating capacity of the environment.

CASE STUDY-4
Changes observed in Earth’s climate since the early 20th century are primarily driven by human activities, particularly fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth’s atmosphere, raising Earth’s average surface temperature. These human-produced temperature increases are commonly referred to as global warming. Natural processes can also contribute to climate change, including internal variability (e.g., cyclical ocean patterns like El Niño, La Niña and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation) and external forcings. (e.g., volcanic activity, changes in the Sun’s energy output, variations in Earth’s orbit).

Questions:

Question. Identify the two major environmental issues facing the world.

Answer. Global warming and ozone depletion

Question. __________ is the observed and projected increase in the average temperature of earth’s atmosphere and oceans    

Question. What has caused global warming?

Answer. The global warming is due to increase in the greenhouse gas concentrations, like water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane and ozone in the atmosphere.

Question. ________ gas is released in animal waste, is one of the factors contributing to global warming. 

CASE STUDY-5

According to recent information McDonald has set an example of using paper straws instead of plastic ones to save the environment and adopt the path of sustainable development, More over they are recycling the used cooking oil for the bio diesel in their stores operating in 119 countries with 31000 restaurants in operation. It has a long-standing commitment to environmental protection. It has innovative programmes for recycling, resource conservation and waste reduction. McDonald is using the “ bin it” logo to promote clean society so that the rubbish packaging should not be dumped by the road side. It is also promoting going green to save energy and reducing waste, minimizing the use of water .

Questions:

Question. Sustainable development refers to
(a) being miserly with resources
(b) full utilization of natural resources
(c) judicious use of natural resources
(d) none of these   

Question. Ruthless use of natural resources adversely affects the regeneration capacity of environment. (True/False) 

Question. Which is not the cause of environmental degradation:
(a) Increasing urbanization
(b) Afforestation
(c) industrialization
(d) widespread poverty   

Question. Carrying capacity of environment refers to___________ capacity of environment.  

CASE STUDY-6

Environment and economy are interdependent and need each other. Hence, development that ignores its  repercussions on the environment will destroy the environment that sustains life forms. The concept of sustainable  development was emphasised by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), which defined it as: ‘Development that meets the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs’. The Brundtland Commission emphasises on protecting the future generation. This is in line with the argument of the environmentalists who emphasise that we have a moral obligation to hand over the planet earth in good order to the future generation; that is, the present generation should bequeath a better environment to the future generation.

Questions:

Question. The concept of sustainable development is related to:
(a). Rural development
(b). Growth rate of GDP
(c). Human development
(d). Environment   

Question. Following is an advantage of sustainable economic development
(a). Higher per capita income
(b). Rapid industrialization
(c). Beneficial to future generations
(d). Agricultural development 

Question. Global warming is caused by:
(a). Nitrogen
(b). Oxygen gas
(c). Green house gases
(d). Hot climate 

Question. What is sustainable development?

Answer. ‘Sustainable development’is development that meets the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs

CASE STUDY-7

In order to address two major environmental concerns in India, viz. water and air pollution, the government set up CPCB. This was followed by states establishing their own state level boards to address all the environmental concerns. They investigate, collect and disseminate information relating to water, air and land pollution, lay down standards for sewage/trade effluent and emissions. These boards provide technical assistance to governments in promoting cleanliness of streams and wells by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution, and improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country

Questions:

Question. What is full form of CPCB?

Answer. Central Pollution Control Board

Question. When was CPCB established?

Answer. 1974

Question. Define pollution.

Answer. Unfavourable change of surroundings which take place mainly because of human activities.

Question. What does environment include?

Answer. Biotic and Abiotic factors.

CASE STUDY-8

Degradation of land in terms of soil erosion is a serious concern in the context of environmental issues in India. According to one estimate, India is suffering soil erosion to the tune of nearly 5 billions tonnes a year. Implying a colossal loss of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are the essential ingredients of soil fertility and essential inputs of crop production. Principal Factors Contributing to Land Degradation in India are loss of vegetation due to desertification and deforestation (Desertification refers to spread of deserts in arid and semi-arid areas. It occurs due to excessive grazing),Multiple cropping along with subsistence farming by the small and marginal holders who fail to replenish fertility of the soil, Excessive use of chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides which raise productivity but are a challenge to soil fertility, low water-table, owing to excessive use of groundwater, soil erosion occurring due to floods and strong winds, and soil alkalinity/salinity occurring due to water logging.

Questions:

Question. Implying a colossal loss of ____ which are the essential ingredients of soil fertility and essential inputs of crop production.   

Question. Multiple cropping along with subsistence farming is not contributing to land degradation. (True/False)   

Question. What are the factors responsible for land degradation in India?

Answer. Factors responsible for Land Degradation in India are loss of vegetation due to desertification and deforestation (Desertification refers to spread of deserts in arid and semi-arid areas. It occurs due to excessive grazing),Multiple cropping along with subsistence farming by the small and marginal holders who fail to replenish fertility of the soil, Excessive use of chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides which raise productivity but are a challenge to soil fertility, low water-table, owing to excessive use of groundwater, soil erosion occurring due to floods and strong winds, and soil alkalinity/salinity occurring due to water logging.

Question. What do you mean by desertification?

Answer. Desertification refers to spread of deserts in arid and semi-arid areas. It occurs due to excessive grazing  

CASE STUDY-9

The government will put up inexpensive water-quality testing infrastructure accessible to every village to achieve the government’s mission to provide safe drinking water to all by 2024, minister Shekhawat said The Union government will train five women from every village to test the quality of water at nominal charges as part of the  ambitious Jal Jeevan mission, Jal Shakti minister Gajendra Shekhawat said on Friday, delivering the keynote address at the Hindustan Times Environment Conclave. “When we need to tests our blood, we all know where to go. But we have problems to test the water we drink. We will set up laboratories that will provide water quality tests for nominal charges,” the minister said. The minister said the sustainable environment could not be based on the development of any one nation or segment of society. “It has to be based on the ecological integrity of every human being,” he said.

Questions:

Question. Air, water, land etc include non-living elements and are called _________elements of environment. 

Question. What led to severity of testing the quality of water?

Answer. Water contamination: Discharge of domestic and industrial waste pollutes the water and makes it unfit for use.

Question. What do you mean by Sustainable development?

Answer. Sustainable development is the development that meets the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs.

Question. Sustainable development can be achieved by;
(a) Restriction use of renewable resources
(b) Controlling the growth of Population
(c) Controlling Pollution
(d) All of these   

CASE STUDY-10

The Sustainable Development Goals are a call for action by all countries – poor, rich and middle-income – to promote prosperity while protecting the planet. They recognize that ending poverty must go hand-in-hand with strategies that build economic growth and address a range of social needs including education, health, social protection , and job opportunities, while tackling climate change and environmental protection. Economic and social progress over the last century has been accompanied by environmental degradation that is endangering the very systems on which our future development — indeed, our very survival — depends. Sustainable Consumption and Production (known as SCP) is about doing more and better with less. It is also about decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation , increasing resource efficiency and promoting sustainable lifestyles. We are currently consuming more resources than ever, exceeding the planet’s capacity for generation. In the meantime, waste and pollution grows, and the gap between rich and poor is widening. Health, education, equity and empowerment are all adversely affected. Crucially, SCP can contribute substantially to poverty alleviation and the transition towards low-carbon and green  economies. To do this, SCP requires building cooperation among many different stakeholders as well as across sectors in all countries.

Questions:

Question. Environment includes all ___________ & _________ factors that influence each other.   

Question. _______________ capacity means the ability of the environment to absorb the waste generated in the activities of consumption and production .  

Question. Large scale deforestation to meet growing demand is an example of ________ (overuse/misuse) of resources.   

Question. Name the two environmental issues facing the world today.

Answer. Global warming and ozone depletion.