Excretory Products and Their Elimination Class 11 Biology Important Questions

Objective Questions

Question. Which of the following is correct about juxta medullary nephrons?
(a) Vasa recta is prominent
(b) Loop of henle is long
(c) NaCl is returned to intestitium by ascending limb of vasa recta
(d) All

Question. Vasa recta is
(a) L- shaped
(b) S – shaped
(c) U – shaped
(d) J – shaped

Question. Which of the following is incorrect?
(a) Blood vessels leading to glomerulus is called arteriole
(b) Vasa recta, peritubular capillaries, glomerulus all have blood
(c) Cortical nephron has no or highly reduced vasa recta
(d) Vasa recta runs parallel to Henle’s loop in juxta medullary nephrons

Question. Math the column

Column – I	Column – II
A. PCT	I. Concentrated urine formation
B. DCT	II. Filtration urine formation
C. Loop of henle	III. Reabsorption of 70-80% electrocytes
D. Counter-current mechanism	IV. Ionic balance
E. Renal corpuscle	V. Maintenance of conc. gradient in medulla

Options :
(a) A – III, B – IV, C – I, D – V, E – II
(b) A – III, B – V, C – IV, D – II, E – I
(c) A – I, B – III, C – II, D – V, E – IV
(d) A – III, B – I, C – IV, D – V, E – II

Question. The glomerular capillaries cause filtration of blood through _____ layers
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 6

Question. On average ____ ml of blood is filtrated by the kidney per minute which constitute roughly _____ of blood pumped out by each ventricle of heart in a minute
(a) 125, 1/6^th
(b) 100-125 ml, 1/6^th
(c) 1100-1200 ml, 1/5^th
(d) 5l/1/10^th

Question. The GFR/day in a healthy adult is __ litre
(a) 5
(b) 180
(c) 200
(d) 20

Question. Of the filtrate, nearly how much of it is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
(a) 5%
(b) 99%
(c) 50%
(d) 25%

Question. Which of the following statements about PCT is false?
(a) It is lined by simple cuboidal brush border epithellium which increses the surface area
(b) Nearly all the essential nutrients 70-80% electorlytes, 70% H₂O are reabsorbed by PCT
(c) PCT is not the site of selective secretion
(d) PCT helps to maintain the pH and ionic balance of body fluids

Question. If the loop of henle were absent from mammalian nephron.which of the following is to be expected?
(a) The urine will be more dilute
(b) There will be no urnie formation
(c) The urine will be nore concentrated
(d) There wil be hardly any change in quality and quantity of urine fomed

Question. Ammonia and urea are waste products derived from metabolic break down of
(a) Lipids
(b) Carbohydrates
(c) Proteins
(d) Sugars

Question. The term ammonotellic and ureotellic and uricotellic are used to describe
(a) Modes if excretory system development
(b) The actions of hormone in Excretory system
(c) The types of nitrogenous waste produced by various classes of vertebrates
(d) Modifications of kidney tubules to enhance system

Question. Which of the following is wrong?
(a) Kidney doesn’t play any significant role in removal of ammonia
(b) Ureotelic animal excrete most of the nitrogenous waste as urea
(c) Ammonia and urea are the waste product derived from the metabolic breakdown of proteins
(d) None of the following

Question. Which of the following group of animals is uricotellic?
(a) Reptiles
(b) Insects
(c) Birds and land snails
(d) All

Question. The medullary gradient is mainly caused by
(a) Urea an K⁺
(b) H⁺ and K⁺
(c) NaCl and urea
(d) Urea and H⁺

Question. Least toxic nitrogenous waste is
(a) NH₃
(b) Urea
(c) Uric acid
(d) NH₃ and urea

Question. Terrestrial organisms must conserve water the least amount of water is lost with the excretion of which nitrogenous waste products
(a) NH₃
(b) Uric acid
(c) Urea
(d) CO₂

Question. Which of the following is correct about protnephridia/flame cells?
(a) Are excretory structures in platyhelminthes, rotifiers and some annelids
(b) Are excretory structures in cephalochoradates e.g. amphioxus
(c) Are primarily concerned with ionic and fluid volume regulation i.e. osmoregulation
(d) All

Question. Which of the following statement is wrong about human excretory system?
(a) Excretory system consists of one pair of bean shaped kidney, one pair or ureter, a urinary bladder and a urethra
(b) Kidneys are situated between 12th thoracic and 3rd lumbar vertebrate close to dorsal wall in abdominal cavity
(c) Right kidney is al ittle higher level than the left one
(d) All

Question. The part of kidney, gateway for ureter, nerves and blood vessels is
(a) Hilum
(b) Renal pore
(c) Minore calyx
(d) Major calyx

Question. Which of the statement is false about Outer cortex and inner medulla are the two zones in kidney?
A. Medulla is divided into about 8 to 18 renal pyramids
B. Pyramids projects into calyx
C. Inward extension of cortex between the pyramids is called renal columns of bertini
Options :
(a) A and D
(b) B and D
(c) D
(d) None

Question. Which one of the following is the structural and functional unit of kidney?
(a) Urethra
(b) Urinary bladder
(c) Renal column
(d) Nephron

Question. Which one of the following is a tube that carries urine from kidney to urinary bladder?
(a) Loop of henle
(b) Ureter
(c) Urethra
(d) Uvulva

Question. All of the following structures are situated in the renal cortex except
(a) Loop of henle
(b) Malphigian corpuscle
(c) PCT
(d) DCT

Question. Which of the following statement is false?
(a) A nephron starts with a double walled cup like structure called Bowman’s capsule
(b) In majority of nephrons the loop of henle is too short and such nephrons are cortical nephrons
(c) Juxta medullary nephrons has long loop of henle
(d) None