MCQ Class 9 Science Chapter 3 Atoms and Molecules

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Atoms and Molecules Class 9 Science MCQ Questions with Answers

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Question. The atomicities of ozone, sulphur, phosphorus and argon are respectively : 
(a) 8, 3, 4 and 1
(b) 1, 3, 4 and 8
(c) 4, 1, 8 and 3
(d) 3, 8, 4 and 1

Question: The total number of electrons present in 16 g of methane gas is
(a) 96.352 × 10²³
(b) 48.176 × 10²³
(c) 60.22 × 10²³
(d) 30.110 × 10²³ 

Question: Which of the following weighs most?
(a) 2 g atoms of nitrogen
(b) 25 g iron
(c) 2×× 1023 atoms of carbon
(d) 1 mole of SO₂

Question: The formula of chloride of a metal M is MCl3,then the formula of the phosphate of metal Mwill be
(a) MPO₄
(b) M2PO₄
(c) M₃PO₄
(d) M₂(PO₄)₃ 

Question: Which of the following has highest number of molecules?
(a) 8 g of CH₄
(b) 4.4 g of CO₂
(c) 34.2 g of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
(d) 2 g of H₂ 

Question: All samples of carbon dioxide contain carbon and oxygen in the mass ratio 3 : 8. This is in agreement with the law of
(a) conservation of mass
(b) constant proportions
(c) multiple proportions
(d) gaseous volumes. 

Question: The given figure shows the set-up t o study the reaction between gas X and copper (II) oxide:

Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(Given : Atomic mass of N = 14 u, H = 1 u, O = 16 u,C = 12 u)
I. Gas X is a compound of two elements,nitrogen and hydrogen.

II. The number of atoms present in 0.5 mole of N₂ is 6.023 ×10²³.

III. 1 mole of H₂O contains 1 mole of oxygen molecules and 2 moles of hydrogen atoms.
(a) I and II only
(b) I and III only
(c) II only(d) III only

Question: It was found that 0.10 mole of MSO₄combines with 9.0 g of water to form the hydrate salt MSO₄.nH₂O. What is the value of n?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5 

Question: Two gaseous samples were analyse(d) One contained 1.2 g of carbon and 3.2 g of oxygen. The other contained 27.3% carbon and 72.7% oxygen.
The experimental data are in accordance with 
(a) law of conservation of mass
(b) law of definite proportions
(c) law of reciprocal proportions
(d) law of multiple proportions.

Question: 3.42 g of sucrose are dissolved in 18 g of water in a beaker. The number of oxygen atoms in the solution are
(a) 6.68 × 10²³
(b) 6.09 × 10²²
(c) 6.022 × 10²³
(d) 6.022 × 10_²¹

Question: Which of the following correctly represents 360 g of water?
(i) 2 moles of H₂O
(ii) 20 moles of water
(iii) 6.022 × 10²³ molecules of water
(iv) 1.2044 × 10²⁵ molecules of water
(a) (i)
(b) (i) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
 (d) (ii) and (iv) 

Question: Arrange the following in the increasing order of mass in grams :
(i) One atom of silver
(ii) Two grams atom of nitrogen
(iii) One mole of calcium
(iv) Two grams of sodium
[At. masses : Ag = 108 u, N = 14 u, Ca = 40 u, Na = 23 u]
(a) (i) < (ii) < (iii) < (iv) 
(b) (iv) < (iii) < (ii) < (i)
(c) (i) < (iv) < (ii) < (iii) 
(d) (iii) < (ii) < (i) < (iv)

Question: The molecular mass of X is 106. X among the following is
(a) CaCO₃
(b) SO₃
(c) Na2CO₃
(d) NaCl   

Question. In water, the proportion of oxygen and hydrogen by mass is : 
(a) 1 : 4
(b) 1 : 8
(c) 4 : 1
(d) 8 : 1

Question. The symbols of the elements cobalt, aluminium, helium and sodium respectively written by a student are as follows. Which symbol is the correct one ?
(a) CO
(b) AL
(c) He
(d) So

Question. The symbol of a metal element which is used in making thermometers is : 
(a) Ag
(b) Hg
(c) Mg
(d) Sg

Question. The Latin language name of an element is natrium. The English name of this element is : 
(a) sodium
(b) potassium
(c) magnesium
(d) sulphur

Question. The atomic theory of matter was proposed by : 
(a) John Kennedy
(b) Lavoisier
(c) Proust
(d) John Dalton

Question. One of the following elements has an atomicity of ‘one’. This element is :
(a) helium
(b) hydrogen
(c) sulphur
(d) ozone

Question. The English name of an element is potassium, its Latin name will be : 
(a) plumbum
(b) cuprum
(c) kalium
(d) natrium

Question. The law of conservation of mass was given by : 
(a) Dalton
(b) Proust
(c) Lavoisier
(d) Berzelius

Question. If 1.4 g of calcium oxide is formed by the complete decomposition of calcium carbonate, then the amount of calcium carbonate taken and the amount of carbon dioxide formed will be respectively : 
(a) 2.2 g and 1.1 g
(b) 1.1 g and 2.5 g
(c) 2.5 g and 1.1 g
(d) 5.0 g and 1.1 g

Question. The law of constant proportions was given by :
(a) Proust
(b) Lavoisier
(c) Dalton
(d) Berzelius

Question. The element having atomicity ‘four’ is most likely to be : 
(a) argon
(b) fluorine
(c) phosphorus
(d) francium

Question. The scientist who proposed the first letter (or first letter and another letter) of the Latin or English name of an element as its symbol, was : 
(a) Dalton
(b) Proust
(c) Lavoisier
(d) Berzelius

Question. Which of the following elements has the same molecular mass as its atomic mass ?
Question(a) nitrogen
(b) neon
(c) oxygen
(d) chlorine

Question. Out of ozone, phosphorus, sulphur and krypton, the elements having the lowest and highest atomicities are respectively : 
(a) sulphur and krypton
(b) krypton and ozone
(c) phosphorus and sulphur
(d) krypton and sulphur

Question. One nm is equal to : 
(a) 10–9 mm
(b) 10–7 cm
(c) 10–9 cm
(d) 10–6 m

Question. In hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the proportion of hydrogen and oxygen by mass is : 
(a) 1 : 8
(b) 1 : 16
(c) 8 : 1
(d) 16 : 1

Question. The atoms of which of the following pair of elements are most likely to exist in free state ?   
(a) hydrogen and helium
(b) argon and carbon
(c) neon and nitrogen
(d) helium and neon

Question. ‘If 100 grams of pure water taken from different sources is decomposed by passing electricity, 11 grams of hydrogen and 89 grams of oxygen are always obtained’. Which chemical law is illustrated by this statement ?

Question. State whether the following statement is true or false :
The symbol of element cobalt is CO.

Question. The radius of an oxygen atom is 0.073 nm. What does the symbol ‘nm’ represent ?

Question. ‘If 100 grams of calcium carbonate (whether in the form of marble or chalk) are decomposed completely, then 56 grams of calcium oxide and 44 grams of carbon dioxide are obtained’. Which law of chemical combination is illustrated by this statement ?

 Fill in the following blanks with suitable words :

Question In a chemical reaction, the sum of the masses of the reactants and the products remains unchanged. This is called………….. .

Very Short Answer Type Questions 

Question: How many H atoms are in 0.80 moles of hexane, C₆H1₄?
Answer: Number of hexane molecules 
= Number of moles × 6.022 × 10²³
= 0.8 × 6.022 × 10²³ = 4.81 × 10²³ One
hexane molecule contains 14 H atoms Hence, total number of H atoms in 0.8 moles = 4.8 × 10²³ × 14
= 67.2 × 10²³ = 6.72 × 10²⁴ atoms

Question: Define law of conservation of mass.
Answer: Law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither
be created nor be destroyed in a chemical reaction.

Question: Formula of the carbonate of a metal M is M₂CO₃. Write the formula of its chloride.
Answer: In MCl valency of M is 1.

Question: Define the atomicity of a molecule of an element?
Answer: The number of atoms present in one molecule of an element is called its atomicity.

Question: Calculate formula mass of sodium carbonate.
Answer: The formula of sodium carbonate is Na₂CO₃.
∴ Formula mass of sodium carbonate
= 23 × 2 + 12 + 3 × 16 = 46 + 12 + 48 = 106

Question: Calculate the mass of 1.12 moles of sulphur trioxide molecules.
Answer: Relative molecular mass of SO₃ = 1(32) + 3(16) = 80
Molar mass of SO₃ = 80 g/mol
Mass of 1.12 moles of SO₃
= Number of moles × Molar mass
= 1.12 mol × 80 g/mol = 89.6 g

Question: Give one example of (i) a polyatomic cation, (ii) a polyatomic anion.
Answer: (i) NH⁺₄, (ii) SO^2-₄

Question: Write the formulae for the following :
a. Calcium phosphate
b. Magnesium hydroxide
Answer:

Case Based MCQs
The knowledge of valencies of various radicals helps us to write the formulae of chemical compounds. The total positive charge on positive ions (cations) is equal to the total negative charge on negative ions (anions) in a molecule.
Therefore, in writing the formula of a compound,the positive and negative ions are adjusted in such a way that the total number of positive charges of positive ions (cations) becomes equal to the total number of negative charges of negative ions (anions).
There is another simple method for writing the formulae of ionic compounds. In this method, the valencies (or positive or negative charges) of the ions can be ‘crossed over’ to give subscripts. The purpose of crossing over of charges is to find the number of ions required to equalise the number of positive and negative charges.

Question: The formula of the sulphate of an element X is X₂(SO₄)₃. The formula of nitride of element X will be
(a) X2N
(b) XN2
(c) XN
(d) X2N3 

Question: Element X has two valencies 5 and 3 and Y has valency 2. The elements X and Y are most likely to be respectively
(a) copper and sulphur
(b) sulphur and iron
(c) phosphorus and fluorine
(d) nitrogen and iron. 

Question: The formula of a compound is X3Y. Thevalencies of elements X and Y will be respectively
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 3 and 1
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 and 2 

A mole of an atom is a collection of atoms whose total mass is the number of grams equal to the atomic mass. Since equal number of moles of different elements contain an equal number of atoms it becomes convenient to express the amounts of the elements in terms of moles. A mole represents a definite number of particles viz, atoms, molecules, ions or electrons. This
definite number is called Avogadro number or Avogadro constant which is equal to 6.022 × 10^23. Hence a mole represents 6.022 × 10²³particles of the substance. One mole of substance represents one gram-formula of the substance.
One mole of a gas at standard temperature and pressure occupies 22.4 litres.

Question: What is the mass in grams of a single atom of chlorine? (Atomic mass of chlorine = 35.5)
(a) 6.54 × 10²³ g
(b) 5.9 × 10–²³ g
(c) 0.0025 g
(d) 35.5 g 

Question: What is the mass in grams of 2.42 mol of zinc? (Atomic mass of Zn = 65.41)
(a) 200 g
(b) 25 g
(c) 85 g
(d) 158 g 

Question: How many grams of sodium must be taken to get 1 mole of the element ?
(a) 23 g
(b) 35.5 g
(c) 63.5 g
(d) 46 g 

Question: How many number of moles are there in 5.75 g of sodium ?
(Atomic mass of sodium = 23)
(a) 0.25
(b) 0.5
(c) 1
(d) 2.5